What Are the Types of Air Conditioner Coils & How To Clean AC Coils

It is generally recommended to clean your air conditioner coils at least once a year, ideally before the start of the cooling season. However, the frequency can depend on several factors, including your local climate, air quality, and how often you use your air conditioner. In areas with high levels of dust, pollen, or pollution, or if you have pets, more frequent cleaning may be necessary. Regular inspections can help determine if cleaning is needed more often. If you notice a decrease in cooling efficiency or an increase in energy bills, it might be time to clean the coils.

Evaporator coils and condenser coils serve different functions in the cooling process of an air conditioner. Evaporator coils are located inside the indoor unit and are responsible for absorbing heat from the indoor air. As the refrigerant passes through the evaporator coils, it evaporates, absorbing heat from the air, which cools the air that is then circulated back into the room. Condenser coils, on the other hand, are found in the outdoor unit. Their job is to release the absorbed heat into the outside air. As the refrigerant flows through the condenser coils, it releases heat and condenses back into a liquid. This continuous cycle of heat absorption and release is what keeps your indoor environment cool.

You can clean the air conditioner coils yourself if you follow proper steps and safety precautions. DIY cleaning involves turning off the power to the unit, using a soft brush or a vacuum to remove loose dirt, and applying an air conditioner coil cleaner to dissolve grime. However, it’s essential to be careful to avoid damaging the delicate fins of the coils. For heavily soiled coils, or if you’re not comfortable performing the task, it’s advisable to hire a professional HVAC technician. Professionals have the right tools and expertise to thoroughly clean the coils, check for any potential issues, and ensure that your system is operating at its best.

For cleaning air conditioner coils, it’s best to use a coil cleaner specifically designed for HVAC systems. These cleaners are formulated to safely and effectively dissolve dirt, grease, and grime without damaging the coils. They are usually available in foam or liquid form and can be applied directly to the coils. Foam cleaners expand to cover a larger area and can penetrate deep into the coils to break down stubborn deposits. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for application and rinsing. Avoid using household cleaners, as they may contain chemicals that can damage the coils or leave residues that attract more dirt.

Air conditioner coils are typically made from copper or aluminum, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Copper coils are known for their excellent thermal conductivity, which means they can transfer heat efficiently, enhancing the system’s performance. They are also durable and can withstand high pressures, but they are more expensive and can be prone to corrosion if not properly maintained. Aluminum coils are lighter and generally less expensive than copper coils. They are resistant to corrosion, which can be beneficial in humid or coastal environments. However, aluminum is not as efficient at conducting heat as copper and can be more challenging to repair if damaged.

There are several signs that indicate your air conditioner coils may need cleaning. One of the most common signs is a noticeable decrease in cooling efficiency—if your air conditioner is running longer or struggling to cool your space, dirty coils could be the culprit. Increased energy bills without a corresponding increase in usage can also indicate that the system is working harder due to dirty coils. Additionally, if you see visible dirt, dust, or debris on the coils, they need cleaning. Other signs include reduced airflow from the vents, a musty smell coming from the unit, or frequent system cycling (turning on and off).

Neglecting to clean your air conditioner coils can lead to several problems. Dirty coils cannot effectively transfer heat, causing the system to work harder and less efficiently, which increases energy consumption and utility bills. Over time, this added strain can cause the system to overheat, leading to premature wear and potential component failures. The buildup of dirt and debris can also lead to poor indoor air quality, circulating dust and allergens throughout your home. In severe cases, dirty coils can cause the refrigerant to freeze, resulting in a complete system shutdown. Regular cleaning helps to avoid these issues and maintains the system’s reliability.

To access the evaporator coils for cleaning, you typically need to remove the access panel of the indoor unit. Begin by turning off the power to the air conditioning system to ensure safety. The access panel is usually secured with screws or clips, which you can remove using a screwdriver. Once the panel is off, you should see the evaporator coils. Be cautious when handling the unit, as the coils are delicate and can be easily damaged. Consult your air conditioner’s manual for specific instructions related to your model, and if you’re unsure or uncomfortable, consider hiring a professional.

If you notice any damage to your air conditioner coils during cleaning, such as bent fins, corrosion, or leaks, it’s important to address these issues promptly. Bent fins can often be straightened using a fin comb, a tool designed specifically for this purpose. However, if the damage is extensive, such as significant corrosion or refrigerant leaks, it’s best to call a professional HVAC technician. Attempting to fix these problems on your own can be risky and may cause further damage to the system. A professional can accurately diagnose the issue and perform the necessary repairs to restore the system’s efficiency and prevent further damage.